[38]
1. Hac victoria
sublatus Ambiorix statim cum equitatu in Aduatucos, qui erant eius regno
finitimi, proficiscitur; neque noctem neque diem intermittit peditatumque
subsequi iubet.
1. Elated by this
victory, Ambiorix immediately set out with his cavalry to the Aduatuci, who
were neighbors to his kingdom; he did not cease marching either night or day,
and ordered the infantry to follow.
2. Re demonstrata
Aduatucisque concitatis postero die in Nervios pervenit hortaturque, ne sui in
perpetuum liberandi atque ulciscendi Romanos pro eis quas acceperint iniuriis
occasionem dimittant:
2. Having explained
the situation and incited the Aduatuci, on the next day he arrived among the
Nervii and urged them not to lose the opportunity of freeing themselves forever
and avenging the Romans for the wrongs they had received:
3. interfectos esse
legatos duos magnamque partem exercitus interisse demonstrat;
3. he explained that
two legates had been killed and a large part of the army had perished;
4. nihil esse negoti
subito oppressam legionem quae cum Cicerone hiemet interfici; se ad eam rem
profitetur adiutorem. Facile hac oratione Nerviis persuadet.
4. that it was no
trouble to suddenly overwhelm and kill the legion that was wintering with
Cicero; he declared himself an assistant for that matter. With this speech, he
easily persuaded the Nervii.
[39]
1. Itaque confestim
dimissis nuntiis ad Ceutrones, Grudios, Levacos, Pleumoxios, Geidumnos, qui
omnes sub eorum imperio sunt, quam maximas manus possunt cogunt et de improviso
ad Ciceronis hiberna advolant nondum ad eum fama de Tituri morte perlata.
1. Therefore,
immediately sending messengers to the Ceutrones, Grudii, Levaci, Pleumoxii, and
Geidumni, all of whom are under their sway, they gathered as large forces as
they could and suddenly flew to Cicero's winter quarters, the report of
Titurius's death not yet having reached him.
2. Huic quoque
accidit, quod fuit necesse, ut nonnulli milites, qui lignationis munitionisque
causa in silvas discessissent, repentino equitum adventu interciperentur.
2. To him too it
happened, as was inevitable, that some soldiers who had gone into the woods for
the purpose of gathering wood and fortifying were intercepted by the sudden
arrival of the cavalry.
3. His circumventis
magna manu Eburones, Nervii, Aduatuci atque horum omnium socii et clientes
legionem oppugnare incipiunt. Nostri celeriter ad arma concurrunt, vallum
conscendunt.
3. With these men
surrounded, a large force of Eburones, Nervii, Aduatuci, and all their allies
and clients began to attack the legion. Our men quickly ran to arms, and
ascended the rampart.
4. Aegre is dies
sustentatur, quod omnem spem hostes in celeritate ponebant atque hanc adepti
victoriam in perpetuum se fore victores confidebant.
4. That day was barely
sustained, because the enemy placed all their hope in speed, and, having gained
this victory, they were confident they would be victors forever.
[40]
1. Mittuntur ad
Caesarem confestim ab Cicerone litterae magnis propositis praemiis, si
pertulissent: obsessis omnibus viis missi intercipiuntur.
1. Letters were
immediately sent to Caesar by Cicero with great rewards offered if they
delivered them: all roads being blocked, those sent were intercepted.
2. Noctu ex materia,
quam munitionis causa comportaverant, turres admodum CXX excitantur incredibili
celeritate; quae deesse operi videbantur, perficiuntur.
2. During the night, from
the timber they had brought together for fortification, as many as 120 towers
were erected with incredible speed; what seemed to be lacking for the work was
completed.
3. Hostes postero die
multo maioribus coactis copiis castra oppugnant, fossam complent. Eadem
ratione, qua pridie, ab nostris resistitur.
3. On the next day,
the enemy, having assembled much larger forces, attacked the camp and filled
the ditch. Resistance was offered by our men in the same manner as on the
previous day.
4. Hoc idem reliquis
deinceps fit diebus.
4. The same thing
happened on the successive remaining days.
5. Nulla pars nocturni
temporis ad laborem intermittitur; non aegris, non vulneratis facultas quietis
datur.
5. No part of the
nighttime was interrupted for labor; no opportunity for rest was given to the
sick or the wounded.
6. Quaecumque ad
proximi diei oppugnationem opus sunt noctu comparantur; multae praeustae sudes,
magnus muralium pilorum numerus instituitur; turres contabulantur, pinnae
loricaeque ex cratibus attexuntur.
6. Whatever was
necessary for the next day's assault was prepared during the night; many stakes
hardened by fire were made, a great number of wall-pikes were constructed;
towers were floored, and battlements and breastworks were woven from
wickerwork.
7. Ipse Cicero, cum
tenuissima valetudine esset, ne nocturnum quidem sibi tempus ad quietem
relinquebat, ut ultro militum concursu ac vocibus sibi parcere cogeretur.
7. Cicero himself,
although in very poor health, did not even allow himself time for rest during
the night, so that he was forced, by the spontaneous urging and shouts of the
soldiers, to spare himself.
[41]
1. Tunc duces
principesque Nerviorum qui aliquem sermonis aditum causamque amicitiae cum
Cicerone habebant colloqui sese velle dicunt.
1. Then the leaders
and chiefs of the Nervii, who had some access to conversation and a reason for
friendship with Cicero, said they wished to parley.
2. Facta potestate
eadem quae Ambiorix cum Titurio egerat commemorant: omnem esse in armis
Galliam;
2. Permission being
granted, they recounted the same things that Ambiorix had discussed with
Titurius: that all Gaul was under arms;
3. Germanos Rhenum
transisse; Caesaris reliquorumque hiberna oppugnari.
3. that the Germans had
crossed the Rhine; and that Caesar's and the other winter quarters were being
attacked.
4. Addunt etiam de
Sabini morte: Ambiorigem ostentant fidei faciendae causa.
4. They also added
details about Sabinus's death: they displayed Ambiorix to inspire confidence.
5. Errare eos dicunt,
si quidquam ab his praesidi sperent, qui suis rebus diffidant; sese tamen hoc
esse in Ciceronem populumque Romanum animo, ut nihil nisi hiberna recusent
atque hanc inveterascere consuetudinem nolint:
5. They said that the
Romans were mistaken if they hoped for any protection from those who distrusted
their own affairs; but that they themselves were of such a disposition towards
Cicero and the Roman people that they refused nothing but the winter quarters
and did not wish this custom to become established:
6. licere illis
incolumibus per se ex hibernis discedere et quascumque in partes velint sine
metu proficisci.
6. that they might
depart safely from the winter quarters through their agency and proceed without
fear in whatever direction they wished.
7. Cicero ad haec unum
modo respondit: non esse consuetudinem populi Romani accipere ab hoste armato
condicionem:
7. To these things,
Cicero replied only one thing: that it was not the custom of the Roman people
to accept terms from an armed enemy:
8. si ab armis
discedere velint, se adiutore utantur legatosque ad Caesarem mittant; sperare
pro eius iustitia, quae petierint, impetraturos.
8. if they wished to
lay down their arms, they should use him as an intermediary and send envoys to
Caesar; he hoped that, because of Caesar's justice, they would obtain what they
sought.
[42]
1. Ab hac spe repulsi
Nervii vallo pedum IX et fossa pedum XV hiberna cingunt.
1. Repulsed from this
hope, the Nervii surrounded the winter quarters with a rampart nine feet high
and a ditch fifteen feet deep.
2. Haec et superiorum
annorum consuetudine ab nobis cognoverant et, quos clam de exercitu habebant
captivos, ab eis docebantur;
2. They had learned
these things both from our custom in previous years and were taught by captives
whom they secretly held from the army;
3. sed nulla
ferramentorum copia quae esset ad hunc usum idonea, gladiis caespites
circumcidere, manibus sagulisque terram exhaurire nitebantur.
3. but having no
supply of iron tools suitable for this use, they tried to cut around sod with
their swords and scoop out earth with their hands and cloaks.
4. Qua quidem ex re
hominum multitudo cognosci potuit: nam minus horis tribus milium pedum XV in
circuitu munitionem perfecerunt
4. From this
circumstance indeed the multitude of men could be known: for in less than three
hours they completed a fortification fifteen thousand feet in
circumference,
5. reliquisque diebus
turres ad altitudinem valli, falces testudinesque, quas idem captivi docuerant,
parare ac facere coeperunt.
5. and in the
remaining days they began to prepare and make towers to the height of the
rampart, sickles, and movable shelters, which the same captives had taught
them.
[43]
1. Septimo
oppugnationis die maximo coorto vento ferventes fusili ex argilla glandes
fundis et fervefacta iacula in casas, quae more Gallico stramentis erant tectae,
iacere coeperunt.
1. On the seventh day
of the assault, a very strong wind having arisen, they began to throw glowing
hot balls of softened clay with slings and heated javelins onto the huts, which
were thatched with straw in the Gallic manner.
2. Hae celeriter ignem
comprehenderunt et venti magnitudine in omnem locum castrorum distulerunt.
2. These quickly
caught fire and, by the force of the wind, spread the flames to every part of
the camp.
3. Hostes maximo
clamore sicuti parta iam atque explorata victoria turres testudinesque agere et
scalis vallum ascendere coeperunt.
3. The enemy, with a
great shout as if victory was already gained and assured, began to move up
towers and siege shelters and to ascend the rampart with ladders.
4. At tanta militum
virtus atque ea praesentia animi fuit, ut, cum undique flamma torrerentur
maximaque telorum multitudine premerentur suaque omnia impedimenta atque omnes
fortunas conflagrare intellegerent, non modo demigrandi causa de vallo
decederet nemo, sed paene ne respiceret quidem quisquam, ac tum omnes acerrime
fortissimeque pugnarent.
4. But such was the
valor of the soldiers and such their presence of mind that, although they were
scorched by flames on all sides and pressed by a very great multitude of missiles,
and understood that all their baggage and all their possessions were burning,
not only did no one leave the rampart for the sake of withdrawing, but almost
no one even looked back, and then all fought most fiercely and bravely.
5. Hic dies nostris
longe gravissimus fuit; sed tamen hunc habuit eventum, ut eo die maximus
numerus hostium vulneraretur atque interficeretur, ut se sub ipso vallo
constipaverant recessumque primis ultimi non dabant.
5. This day was by far
the most severe for our men; but it nevertheless had this outcome, that on that
day the greatest number of the enemy were wounded and killed, seeing that they
had crowded themselves under the very rampart and those in the rear were not
allowing the front to retreat.
6. Paulum quidem intermissa
flamma et quodam loco turri adacta et contingente vallum tertiae cohortis
centuriones ex eo, quo stabant, loco recesserunt suosque omnes removerunt, nutu
vocibusque hostes, si introire vellent, vocare coeperunt; quorum progredi ausus
est nemo.
6. Indeed, with the
flame interrupted a little and a tower advanced at a certain point and touching
the rampart, the centurions of the third cohort withdrew from the place where
they stood and removed all their men, and by gestures and shouts began to invite
the enemy to come in if they wished; of whom no one dared to advance.
7. Tum ex omni parte
lapidibus coniectis deturbati, turrisque succensa est.
7. Then, pelted with
stones from all sides, they were dislodged, and the tower was set on fire.
[44]
1. Erant in ea legione
fortissimi viri, centuriones, qui primis ordinibus appropinquarent, Titus Pullo
et Lucius Vorenus.
1. There were in that
legion two very brave men, centurions who were approaching the first ranks,
Titus Pullo and Lucius Vorenus.
2. Hi perpetuas inter
se controversias habebant, quinam anteferretur, omnibusque annis de locis
summis simultatibus contendebant.
2. These two had
perpetual disputes between themselves as to who should be preferred, and every
year they contended about rank with the greatest rivalry.
3. Ex his Pullo, cum
acerrime ad munitiones pugnaretur, "Quid dubitas," inquit,
"Vorene? aut quem locum tuae probandae virtutis exspectas?
3. Of these, Pullo,
when the fighting was most fierce at the fortifications, said, "Why do you
hesitate, Vorenus? Or what opportunity do you await for proving your
valor?
4. hic dies de nostris
controversiis iudicabit." Haec cum dixisset, procedit extra munitiones
quaque pars hostium confertissima est visa irrumpit.
4. This day will
decide our disputes." When he had said this, he advanced outside the
fortifications and rushed into whatever part of the enemy seemed most
dense.
5. Ne Vorenus quidem
tum sese vallo continet, sed omnium veritus existimationem subsequitur.
5. Not even Vorenus
then kept himself within the rampart, but fearing the judgment of all, he
followed.
6. Mediocri spatio
relicto Pullo pilum in hostes immittit atque unum ex multitudine procurrentem
traicit; quo percusso et exanimato hunc scutis protegunt, in hostem tela
universi coniciunt neque dant regrediendi facultatem.
6. Leaving a moderate
space, Pullo hurled his javelin at the enemy and pierced one running forward
from the crowd; when he was struck and stunned, they protected him with their
shields, all together hurled their weapons at the enemy, and gave him no
opportunity to retreat.
7. Transfigitur scutum
Pulloni et verutum in balteo defigitur.
7. Pullo's shield was
pierced through and a javelin was fixed in his belt.
8. Avertit hic casus
vaginam et gladium educere conanti dextram moratur manum, impeditumque hostes
circumsistunt.
8. This mishap turned
aside his scabbard and delayed his right hand as he tried to draw his sword,
and the enemy surrounded him, thus hindered.
9. Succurrit inimicus
illi Vorenus et laboranti subvenit.
9. His rival Vorenus
ran to his aid and helped him in his distress.
10. Ad hunc se
confestim a Pullone omnis multitudo convertit:
10. Immediately, the
entire multitude turned from Pullo to him:
11. illum veruto
arbitrantur occisum. Gladio comminus rem gerit Vorenus atque uno interfecto
reliquos paulum propellit;
11. they thought Pullo
was killed by the javelin. Vorenus fought hand-to-hand with his sword, and
having killed one, he drove back the rest a little;
12. dum cupidius
instat, in locum deiectus inferiorem concidit. Huic rursus circumvento fert
subsidium Pullo,
12. while he pressed
on too eagerly, he fell down into a lower place. To him, again surrounded,
Pullo brought aid,
13. atque ambo incolumes
compluribus interfectis summa cum laude sese intra munitiones recipiunt.
13. and both,
unharmed, having killed several, withdrew themselves within the fortifications
with the highest praise.
14. Sic fortuna in
contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio
salutique esset, neque diiudicari posset, uter utri virtute anteferendus
videretur.
14. Thus fortune dealt with both in their
rivalry and combat, so that one, though an enemy to the other, was a help and
salvation, and it could not be determined which seemed preferable to the other
in valor.